Times Arrow, Times Cycle ( Stephen Jay Gould ) free essay sample

Surveys chip away at development of geologists comprehension of the idea of profound time in seventeenth Cent.- nineteenth Cent. In Times Arrow, Times Cycle, Stephen Jay Gould talks about the advancement of geologists comprehension of the idea of profound time. Gould examined messages by Thomas Burnet, James Hutton, and Charles Lyellthree logical essayists who moved toward this inquiry in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth hundreds of years. Customarily, readings of these three authors would in general spotlight on how much each man utilized the logical technique in exploring the subject of the Earths age. The more noteworthy the researchers reliance on logical strategy, the history specialists contemplated, the closer he went to reality. In this way, these researchers have regularly been positioned, and comprehended, based on their adherence to gauges that are recognizable to the twentieth century, yet were all the while advancing when they composed. Over the span of his rehashed close readings of the writings, where. We will compose a custom paper test on Times Arrow, Times Cycle ( Stephen Jay Gould ) or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page .

Center-57300 Essays - Food And Drink, Esio Trot, Dearbhla Walsh

Focus 57300 Essays - Food And Drink, Esio Trot, Dearbhla Walsh focus 57300 Esio Trot Looking at Analyzing Nilsa|6/09/2017|English N ovels are a major business in the amusement exchange. They frequently get adjusted into films , h owever much adored books and the resulting adaptions are regularly met with analysis. Such analysis has made a lot of discussion and conversation among fans and pundits on which form is better . A case of a mainstream novel adjusted into a film is Esio Trot composed by Roald Dahl. Indeed, even this book adaption caused numerous conversations on the web. Notwithstanding, after such discussion it very well may be contended that t he 2015 film, Esio Trot, makes a superior plot, discourse and contains visual highlights. Distributed in 1990, Esio T spoil is a tale about an elderly person (timid Mr Hoppy) and his affection for a neighbor ( M s Silver ) . Unfortunately , it was one of Roald Dahl's last stories which was made when purchasing tortoises were prohibited in pet shops. The tale has been restored into a sentimental/satire film coordinated by Dearbhla Walsh for amusement. The movie variant is all the more captivating as the chief has made a few contrasts to the plot. A vary ence in the plot is when Ms Silver discovers that Mr Hoppy was supplanting Alfie (the first tortoise ) . Conversely , I f a youngster was to peruse the scholarly form , they would accept that they could pull off lying. Moreover, t h e film demonstrates that you don't need to deceive accomplish your objective which is an extraordinary message for the group of people yet to come. Moreover, t he novel is just 63 pages long and the film is roughly 1hour and 30min which permits new characters and an adjustment in plot. Specifically, Mr Pringles who was unquestionably expected to make a connecting with story . He was the character that disclosed to Ms Silver that Mr Hoppy was supplanting her unique tortoise ( Ms Silver never discovered in the novel ) . T herefore, including another character to be the errand person' was a good thought. The exchange in this film assists with characterizing Roald Dahl's characters more than the book . Mr Pringles (who is arrogant narrow minded) consistently discusses himself. In actuality , Mr Pringles welcomed himself to Mr Hoppy's home (for supper) where he discussed himself from when he was destined to his age now (which is very old). Truth be told, j ust before he stood up from the seat tending to he needed to leave, he got some information about his life. When Mr Hoppy began, Mr Pringles got up said Well, I better get moving, possibly we can do this again at some point and you could reveal to me about yourself. This advises the crowd that Mr Pringles is extremely self-unsavory. Moreover, h is character isn't accomplished through the scholarly form as he was not existent. Additionally, M r Hoppy's discourse educates the crowd that he is a basic - mind his own business - timid - man which is clear as the discussions he has with others is basic. For instance, w hen he associates wi th Ms Silver, he scarcely says anything. He would begin the discussion with Hi Ms Silver, stunning day it is, isn't it? which is for the most part what he says while cooperating with others ( except if he is posed an inquiry). At long last, Ms Silver's discourse gives us an inclination that she appreciates collaborating with others as she talks regularly grins a ton. In spite of the fact that exchange is apparent through the book, the film makes a superior understanding as the crowd can see outward appearances. For example, t he book shows the peruser Ms Silvers discourse, at the same time, doesn't give the crowd her sort grinning articulation. Visual highlights remembered for the film help make a superior comprehension of the characters (Mr Hoppy, Ms Silver Mr Pringles). For instance, Mr Hoppy wears the sa me style garments each day which makes the influence that Mr Hoppy isn't 'active' is 'bashful'. Aside from that, Ms Silver wears diverse garments relying upon the season. For example , she wore a yellow white dress with rabbit ears in Spring which illuminates the

100 Must-Read Books About Nature

100 Must-Read Books About Nature The following list compiles books that deal with the natural world from many vantage points. I have broken them, loosely, into categories. If you are interested in nature, plants, animals, and science you are sure to find something here. On Birds The Beak of the Finch: A Story of Evolution in Our Time by Jonathan Weiner The Genius of Birds by Jennifer Ackerman The Thing With Feathers: The Surprising Lives of Birds and What They Reveal About Being Human by Noah Strycker Beaks, Bones, and Bird Songs: How the Struggle for Survival Has Shaped Birds and Their Behavior by Roger Lederer The Homing Instinct: Meaning and Mystery in Animal Migration by Bernd Heinrich H is for Hawk by Helen Macdonald Rare Encounters with Ordinary Birds by Lyanda Lynn Haput The Urban Birder by David Lindo The Most Perfect Thing: Inside (And Outside) a Bird’s Egg by Tim Birkhead What the Robin Knows: How Birds Reveal the Secrets of the Natural World by Jon Young Avian Architecture: How Birds Design, Engineer, and Build by Peter Goodfellow The Song of the Dodo: Island Biogeography in an Age of Extinction by David Quammen The Birds of Pandemonium by Michele Raffin On  Plants Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants by Robin Wall Kimmerer The Cabaret of Plants: Forty Thousand Years of Plant Life and the Human Imagination by Richard Mabey Lab Girl by Hope Jahren The Invention of Nature: Alexander von Humboldt’s New World by Andrea Wulf The Triumph of Seeds: How Grains, Nuts, Kernels, Pulses, and Pips Conquired the Plant Kingdom and Shaped Human History by Thor Hanson The Drunken Botanist: The Plants That Create the World’s Great Drinks by Amy Stewart The Reason for Flowers: Their History, Culture, Biology, and How They Change Our Lives by Stephen Buchmann The Forest Unseen: A Year’s Watch in Nature by David Haskell The Tree: A Natural History of What Trees Are, How They Live, and Why They Matter by Colin Tudge The Botany of Desire: A Plant’s-Eye View of the World by Michael Pollan Mycophilia: Revelations from the Weird World of Mushrooms by Eugenia Bone Pawpaw: In Search of America’s Forgotten Fruit by Andrew Moore The Hidden Forest: The Biography of an Ecosystem by Jon Luoma American Canopy: Trees, Forests, and the Making of a Nation by Eric Rutkow Seeing Trees: Discover the Extraordinary Secrets of Everyday Trees by Nancy Ross Hugo On  Animals A Primates Memoir: A Neuroscientist’s Unconventional Life Among the Baboons by Robert Saposkly My Life with the Chimpanzees by Jane Goodall Grizzly Years: In Search of the American Wilderness by Doug Peacock Horseshoe Crabs and Velvet Worms: The Story of the Animals and Plants That Time Has Left Behind by Richart Fortey Gorillas in the Mist by Dian Fossey The Animal Dialogues: Uncommon Encounters in the Wild by Craig Childs Clever as a Fox: Animal Intelligence and What it can Teach us About Ourselves by Sonjo Yoerg Of Wolves and Men by Barry Lopez Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are? by Frans de Waal Land of the Tiger: A Natural History of the Indian Subcontinent by Valmik Thapar On Bugs Sweetness and Light: The Mysterious History of the Honeybee by Hattie Ellis Pandemic: Tracking Contagions, from Cholera to Ebola and Beyond by Sonia Shah A Sting in the Tale: My Adventures with Bumblebees by Dave Goulson The Butterfly Isles: A Summer in Search of Our Emperors and Admirals by Patrick Barkham Spineless Wonder: Strange Tales from the Invertebrate World by Richard Conniff Four Wings and a Prayer: Caught in the Mystery of the Monarch Butterfly by Sue Halpern Rabid: A Cultural History of the Worlds Most Diabolical Virus by Bill Wasik and Monica Murphy The Fever: How Malaria has Ruled Humankind for 500,000 Years by Sonia Shah Under  Water The Soul of an Octopus: A Surprising Exploration into the Wonder of Consciousness by Sy Montgomery The Ocean of Life: The Fate of Man and the Sea by Callum Roberts Poseidon’s Steed: The Story of Seahorses, from Myth to Reality by Helen Scales Voyage of the Turtle by Carl Safina The Whale: In Search of the Giants of the Sea by Philip Hoare Kraken: The Curious, Exciting, and Slightly Disturbing Science of the Squid by Wendy Williams The Dolphin in the Mirror: Exploring Dolphin Minds and Saving Dolphin Lives by Diana Reiss The Secret Life of Lobsters by Trevor Corson Listening to Whales: What the Orcas have Taught Us by Alexandra Morton The World is Blue: How Our Fate and the Ocean’s Are One by Sylvia Earle Eels: An Exploration, from New Zealand to the Sargasso, of the Worlds Most Mysterious Fish by James Prosek The Odyssey of KP2: An Orphan Seal, a Marine Biologist, and the Fight to Save a Species by Terrie M. Williams On  How Our World Works Seven Brief Lessons on Physics by Carlo Rovelli Rain: A Cultural and Natural History by Cythnia Barnett Sapiens: A Brief History of Human Kind by Noah Yuval Harari The Gene: An Intimate History by Siddhartha Mukherjee Power, Sex, Suicide: Mitochondria and the Meaning of Life by Nick Lane Life’s Greatest Secret: The Race to Crack the Genetic Code by Matthew Cobb The Story of Earth: The First 4.5 Billion Years, From Stardust to Living Planet by Robert Hazen The Disappearing Spoon: And Other True Tales of Madness, Love, and the History of the World from the Periodic Table of the Elements by Sam Kean The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer by Siddhartha Mukherjee Your Inner Fish: A Journey into the 3.5 Billion Year History of the Human Body by Neil Shubin The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin The Tree of Life: Charles Darwin by Peter Sis The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot The Double Helix by James Watson The Third Chimpanzee by Jared Diamond Cosmos by Carl Sagan The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution by Richard Dawkins Genome: The Autobiography of a Species in 23 Chapters by Matt Ridley On  Conservation The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History by Elizabeth Kolbert Our Only World: Ten Essays by Wendell Berry Silent Spring by Rachel Carson This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. The Climate by Naomi Klein Where the Wild Things Were by William Stolzenburg Half Earth: Our Planet’s Fight for Life by Edward O. Wilson The New Wild: Why Invasive Species Will Be Nature’s Salvation by Fred Pearce The End of Nature by Bill McKibben The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind: Creating Currents of Electricity and Hope by William Kamkwamba Unbowed by Wangari Maathai On  Nature in Memoir The Solace of Open Spaces by Gretel Ehrlich Desert Solitaire by Edward Abbey Refuge: An Unnatural History of Family and Place by Terry Tempest Williams A Walk in the Woods: Rediscovering America on the Appalachian Trail by Bill Bryson Walden by Henry David Thoreau Pilgrim at Tinker Creek by Annie Dillard Trace: Memory, History, Race and the American Landscape by Lauret Savoy Mississippi Solo: A River Quest by Eddy Harris Tales from Concrete Jungles: Urban Birding around the World by David Lindo An  Extra Dose of Beauty, Just for Good Measure Black Nature: Four Centuries of African American Nature Poetry by Camille Dungy (ed.) Intimate Nature: The Bond Between Women and Animals by Linda Hogan (ed.) Sisters of the Earth: Women’s Prose and Poetry about Nature by Lorraine Anderson The Woman Who Fell from the Sky: Poems by Joy Harjo After and Before the Lightning by Simon Ortiz

Love And Marriage A Discussion - 1295 Words

Love and Marriage – A discussion Throughout history, love and marriage have been intertwined, sometimes in the most basic and comprehensible ways and some other times in the most bizarre and outright ridiculous ones. We focus on the effects of globalization so acutely, that the changing faces of love and marriage are sometimes not observed. Though the change is subtle, it nonetheless is present. Coontz (2005) describes traditional marriage to be as evident as getting a job. In retrospect, it is hard to comprehend that those who did not marry were considered downright sinners. Today, we see so many variations of love and marriage. The society has opened its hearts and minds to same-sex marriages, live-in relationships, inter-caste marriages and open-marriages. Governments around the world are coming to terms with this change and the freedom to the choice of marriage or not, is being supported by laws which can protect the individuals in it. (Kotler 1996) describes love being the essence of non-violence. This was the love towards other human beings, towards world peace. During the Vietnam War, of the non-violence techniques used to communicate with the leaders of the war, I found self-immolation the most profound in the sense that it actually achieved a positive result. One might think that this contradicts the concept of healthy love and respect for oneself, but looking closely into the Vietnam war, I think it was a courageous act of love. To find such love today in theShow MoreRelatedSex And Physical Attraction Of Marriage And Arranged Marriages Essay857 Words   |  4 Pagescouples which were of love marriages and arranged. In today’s westernized nations it’s uncommon to see arranged marriages. However, in my experience, I’ll discuss some of the common themes I’ve seen involved in both which played a huge part in their success or failure. 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Alfred Prufrock† by T.S. Eliot is a widely studied and analyzed modernist1300 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† by T.S. Eliot is a widely studied and analyzed modernist poem. This poem is one that many high school students are subjected to, leading to an overall displeasure for â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.† However, those that revisit the poem are more inclined to enjoy and analyze the poem, finding an interest in the character of J. Alfred Prufrock. Charles C. 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The author also manages to tackle a handful of other subjects, such as homosexuality and the concept of marriage. The strongest element of the novel is Lawrence’s choice of language as it vividly expresses each scene intensely, but in a charming way. Each word is chosen on purpose making each line quotable and memorable

Why I Want to Be a Graphic Designer - 1758 Words

During my whole life and experience I have been interested in the Art, Creativity, and I have been traveling around Graphics Designing. When I go out to centres, supermarkets, the high streets around Kingston anywhere in London, Germany and other parts of Europe which I have seen. I have seen lots of Graphics designs in advertising, Billboards companies for example in electronical products or any type of product the graphics advertising companies running around the world, just because of that I was inspired in the graphics designing and I was influence by the subject. I was interested particularly in doing graphics design and the visual communication that I was inspired by combining images phrases and ideas to illustrate to the†¦show more content†¦I have gained in Year 10 and 11 lots skills in my Art Design Project Unit 1 Object Still life lots of sketching and painting techniques, skills that are observational pencil drawing, observational drawings and also lots of painting techniques and processes of water colours, oil painting mixing colours medium use black ink acrylic paints. However I have applied these skills from different artist which I have most been influenced. I have responded and compositions to those for instance Jen Rowland, Nanda Palmieri, Brenda Wholey, Nicky Beltons, Wayne Thiebaud, Jo Anne Bediet, Andy Warhol, Lisa Milroy. As I have gained lots of Object still life I have also gained lots ofShow MoreRelatedGraphic Designer And Interior Designer940 Words   |  4 Pagesinterest area test, I choose graphic designer and interior designer. I m going to describe what kind of the education requirement in graphic designer and interior designer and how much do people make, the future outlook and feeling about the possibly choosing between the two careers and the advantages and the disadvantages and other aspects that concern about job. A graphic designer uses visual elements to communicate messages through print and electronic media. Graphic designers use creativity andRead MoreAnalysis Of Pentagram Landor s Graphic Designing Companies Essay968 Words   |  4 Pages PENTAGRAM LANDOR A graphic designer must have a creative thinking skills, practical ability as well as creative expertise. He need a platform to practice his expertise and skills. The Graphics design company serve the purpose for the designer. 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Should There Be Private Universities Free Essays

rivate universities in India – why? how? Why do we need private universities? Higher education in India has largely been the preserve of the Government till recently in terms of both funding and provision of education. But for this to continue, the Government should continue to be in a position to pour in large sums of money to fund higher education. Today, the Government is unable to find the funds even to keep up its own commitment of spending 6% of GDP on education. We will write a custom essay sample on Should There Be Private Universities or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is also a clamour to spend more of what little funding the Government has allocated for education, on primary education than on higher education, and quite rightly so, given that many children don’t even get a basic primary and secondary education today. Thus the Government spending on higher education as a percentage of overall government spending on education is only likely to decrease further in the coming years. But the demand for higher education is continuing to increase with more and more students wanting a higher education today than ever before. How can we bridge the gap between increasing demand and decreasing government funding for higher education? The only option is to tap the private sector to participate in the funding and provision of higher education. The process of increasing private participation in higher education has already begun with a few states like Chhattisgarh and Uttaranchal having passed legislation to permit the setting up of private universities in their states. Indeed the private sector has been funding higher education in India for a long time, albeit on a very limited scale. The Birla Institute of Technology and Science at Pilani in Rajasthan, which is funded and run by the Birla Group Trust, became an officially recognised university as far back as 1964. Other institutions like the Manipal Group in Manipal in Karnataka have been running private colleges since 1953 and the Manipal Academy of Higher Education became a deemed university in 1993. Many other self-financing colleges were set up in the early 1990s and a few of them have now become deemed universities. Problems arising out of poor regulation of private universities After the passing of legislation in Chhattisgarh in 2002 (and subsequently in other states like Uttaranchal), to facilitate the establishment of private Universities with a view to creating supplementary resources to assist the State Government in providing quality higher education, there was a spate of private universities that were set up under the Chhattisgarh Act. The Chhattisgarh legislation was passed in a hurry without much care, leaving many loopholes in the Act, which were quickly exploited by many organisations that set up private universities, without a serious commitment to higher education. Many of the private universities set up under the Chhattisgarh Act did not have either the infrastructure, or a campus, or the funds to provide quality higher education, and functioned out of one-room tenements. The Chhattisgarh Act did not provide for proper regulation and maintenance of standards by these universities and moreover, the Chhattisgarh Government did little to ensure that the private universities did what they were expected to do according to the legislation. Students who signed up for courses offered by private universities set up under the Chhattisgarh Act were being taken for a ride by many private universities who had no capability to offer quality courses. Prof. Yashpal, former chairman of the University Grants Commission, petitioned the Supreme Court in 2004 to declare the Chhattisgarh legislation unconstitutional and the Supreme Court after due deliberation concurred and declared in February 2005 that all the private universities set up under the Chhattisgarh Act were illegal, putting the careers of all the students who enrolled in the institutions set up by the private universities in jeopardy. But to protect the interests of the students, the Supreme Court directed the Chhattisgarh Government to take appropriate steps to have such institutions affiliated to the already existing State Universities in Chhattisgarh. It is important to note that the Supreme Court did not state that all private universities are illegal – it has only stated that the manner in which the Chhattisgarh legislation allowed the setting up of private universities was illegal. The problem is not with private participation in higher education, but with the poorly drafted Chhattisgarh legislation and the lack of proper egulation. Given the Government’s lack of funds for higher education and the increasing demand for higher education, we simply cannot do without private universities. We have no option but to tap private funding for higher education. The task before us now is to come up with ways and means to ensure that private universities are properly regulated, yet autonomous and independe nt enough to flourish, and held to high standards to provide quality higher education. How can we ensure private universities are held to high standards? We can borrow the model from the corporate sector. Just as all companies are required by law to publish annual reports providing details of their assets, liabilities, profits and losses, the profiles of the board of directors and the management and various other financial information, every educational institution (whether public or private) should publish an annual report with details of the infrastructure and facilities available, profiles of the trustees and the administrators, the academic qualifications and experience of the staff, the courses offered, the number of students, the results of the examinations, the amount of funds available to the university and the sources of funding etc. In addition, every educational institution must get itself rated by an independent rating agency like CRISIL, ICRA or CARE and publicly announce its rating to prospective students to enable the students to choose the institution they want to enroll in. At one stroke, this will bring in transparency and ensure that every educational institution, whether public or private, is accountable not only to those students who are studying in the institution, but to prospective students and the public at large as well. Public announcements of the financial and educational records of the institutions as well as their ratings by independent rating agencies will generate healthy competition between the various private institutions and will also put pressure on the Government funded institutions to work towards all-round improvement. Such a system is already in place for maritime education in India. In 2004, the Directorate General of Shipping (DGS), which regulates maritime education in India, introduced a system of rating maritime training institutions in India. In 1996, maritime education was opened to private sector participation and over 130 private institutions are in operation today. To ensure that all institutions provide high quality education, the DGS has asked all maritime educational institutions to get themselves rated by one of the three reputed independent rating agencies in India – CRISIL, CARE or ICRA. The publicly announced ratings will benefit he students, in deciding which institution to enroll in, the institutes, in differentiating themselves based on their quality, the employers, in assessing the quality of students graduating from the institutes and the DGS as well, to non-intrusively regulate the maritime education sector and ensure high quality of education. Maritime education institutes, both public and private, are now getting themselves rated by independent rating agencies and the DGS lists the ratings on its web site. Introducing a similar model across all other sectors of higher education including engineer ing, medicine, arts, sciences etc. ill ensure that only those institutions with better facilities, staff and infrastructure and reputations will thrive. This will go a long way in ensuring the provision of quality higher education not only in the private sector, but in the public sector as well. The Centre and the States should pass legislation to make it mandatory for all higher education institutions to publish a detailed annual report of their financial and educational status and also be rated by independent rating agencies and publicly announce their ratings. How to cite Should There Be Private Universities, Essay examples

The Future Of Cobol Essays - Cross-platform Software,

The Future Of Cobol The future of COBOL COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language) was the first widely used high-level programming language for business applications. Many payroll, accounting, and other business application programs written in COBOL over the past 35 years are still possible that there are more existing lines of programming code in COBOL than in any other programming language has been update over the years. Today we already stepped in internet Age, most of old style business also have been combined with intent to create the e-business, so we suppose COBOL is not useful anymore but before we made a conclusion we'd better know how's COBOL worked, and how's COBOL will work in future then we could make decision. COBOL was an effort to make a programming language that was like natural English, easy to write and easier to read the coed after you'd written it, and COBOL is one of the oldest, and arguably the most successful and popular of all programming languages. The earliest version of the language, COBOL-60 and -61, evolved to the COBOL-85 standard sponsored by the Conference on Data Systems Language (CODASYL). COBOL has been declared dead so many times since April 1968 till now, but COBOL lives on. Nevertheless, the somber pronouncements of COBOL's demise continue, and the pace has picked up with such developments as clients-sever technology, Visual Basic, Java, and the chaos associated w ith the Year-2000 problems. Since the year 2000 (Y2K) problem is common in many business applications and most of these are written in COBOL, programmers with COBOL skills have become sought after by major corporations and contractors. A number of companies have updated COBOL and sell development tools to meet the requirements about COBOL applications using in e-business. Since the COBOL use for Oriented of business it was mostly serviced for big company. Even now many large companies have a huge pool of COBOL-based applications that constitute their core business systems, even in today's e-business. (For instances, The Seagram Co. Ltd., The Federal Express, and Canada Trust. Etc.) If COBOL declare to death the alternative is too awful to contemplate, the number of lines of COBOL application code ranges from 200 billion to 5 trillion. Rewriting application in Java may give purists a feeling of euphoria, but in reality no one is doing this, or if you feel really masochistic, you could try and rewrite them in C++. Every big company has to start from where it is. This is means taking old, arthritic applications and ?wrapping' them so they become a stable starting point for future developments. These applications also need to be integrated, and e-business means that these systems need to be integrated and connected to the outside world. As a matter of fact, this is the most pressing issue facing many large companies, forget about Java and XML, many IT manger would be happy if their applications could talk to each other and provide an interface to the outside world. Several computer companies already developed some economical, practical product could combine with COBOL to working in e-business. At August 14,1995 Micro Focus announced Visual Object COBOL? version 1.0 for window? 95, in 1998 CASEGN system Ltd announces that COBOL for windows is available free-of-charge to promote the use of COBOL as a powerful windows95/NT graphical development tool, now IBM introduced VisualAge COBOL 2000 enterprise for OS/2 and Windows NT, and other COBOL supporters like CORBRA, MERANT, etc. those supporter's software are enhanced following features: a working station development environment that enables you to seamlessly develop, modify, reengineer, maintain, modernize, and port host applications right at your desktop. As far as I am concerned, there is no good reason not use one of the contemporary versions of COBOL for developing the server end of e-business applications, and in reality many organizations will. After all, Merant is growing at around 40 percent a year, so quite a few companies must be using its products. As is usually the case in this industry, someone will spend years cobbling together a Java-based e0business, applying copious amounts of tape and string, and by the skin of their teeth get something that performs a useful business function; and we will all marvel at it. The fact that it